If your dog is constantly scratching, licking their paws, shaking their ears, or developing red, irritated skin, allergies may be to blame. Skin allergies, or canine atopic dermatitis, are one of the most common and frustrating conditions we treat in veterinary medicine. Unfortunately, our beautiful region puts pets at higher risk for allergy issues.
Western North Carolina is considered a temperate rainforest. With our rich biodiversity, lush vegetation, and frequent rainfall, allergens are everywhere. Pollen from grasses, weeds, and trees, along with mold spores and dust mites, thrive in this environment. While the scenery is stunning, it also means our pets are more likely to suffer from seasonal or year-round allergic reactions.
Dogs typically do not sneeze or have watery eyes the way humans do. Instead, they show signs through their skin. Common symptoms include persistent itching or scratching, chewing or licking paws, belly, or tail area, red or inflamed skin, frequent ear infections or head shaking, hair loss or scabbing, and scooting or licking under the tail. These symptoms can vary in severity and often worsen with time if untreated.
Allergy testing is available through blood or skin tests. However, results are much more accurate once a dog is fully mature. Dogs under 12 to 18 months of age often have immature immune systems, which can lead to misleading or incomplete test results. For younger dogs, we typically begin with symptom management and rule out other causes such as fleas, food sensitivities, or skin infections. Once a dog is older and symptoms persist, we may consider allergy testing, especially if long-term immunotherapy is a goal.
We have several effective treatment strategies available to manage your pet’s discomfort. These may include allergy medications, prescription diets, topical therapies, and immunotherapy. Apoquel is a daily oral tablet that targets the source of itching and inflammation. It works quickly and is safe for long-term use. Cytopoint is an injectable treatment that provides itch relief for 4 to 8 weeks. It is ideal for dogs who do not tolerate pills or need extended relief. Both medications are steroid-free and well tolerated by most dogs.
If a food allergy is suspected, your veterinarian may recommend a prescription diet using hydrolyzed or novel proteins. These diets help eliminate food-based triggers and are especially helpful in dogs with ongoing gastrointestinal or skin issues. Special shampoos and skin products can reduce allergens on the skin, relieve inflammation, and promote healing. Regular bathing is especially helpful during heavy pollen seasons. Once your dog is old enough, allergy testing may be used to develop a custom immunotherapy plan. This may include allergy shots or oral drops tailored to your dog’s specific triggers. Over time, this can reduce sensitivity and the need for medications.
There is no quick fix for allergies, but with a consistent plan, most pets can find significant relief. The key is identifying the likely cause, treating infections or flare-ups early, and working with your veterinary team to adjust treatment as needed.
Call us today to schedule an allergy consultation or get help managing your dog’s symptoms. Your dog does not have to suffer through another season of itching and discomfort. We are here to help.