As we welcome a new year, many of us set goals to improve our health. Weight loss is often a popular resolution, but health is about more than just the number on the scale. Just like humans, our pets benefit from a more complete picture of health that includes body composition, not just body weight.
At your own doctor’s office, you may have heard of BMI (Body Mass Index), which considers height, weight, and body fat. In pets, we use something similar called the Body Condition Score, or BCS.
What Is Body Condition Scoring (BCS)?
BCS is a visual and hands-on way to assess whether your pet is underweight, overweight, or just right. It takes into account fat coverage, muscle tone, and body shape. This is especially important because some pets may appear healthy by weight alone but could still be carrying too much fat or losing muscle mass.
How to Assess Your Pet’s Body Condition at Home
You can perform a simple BCS check at home with these four criteria:
- Rib check – You should be able to feel your pet’s ribs with gentle pressure but not see them prominently.
- Waistline – Viewed from above, your pet should have a visible waist behind the ribs.
- Belly tuck – From the side, the belly should tuck up toward the back legs, not hang low.
- Muscle mass – Look for overall muscle tone, especially over the hips, shoulders, and spine.
If your pet has a thick coat, you may need to rely more on feeling than seeing these features.
Scoring Systems: 5-Point vs. 9-Point Scales
Veterinarians typically use a 9-point scoring system, where:
- A score of 4 or 5 is considered ideal
- Scores below 4 indicate underweight
- Scores above 5 indicate overweight or obese
The Association for Pet Obesity Prevention also offers visuals and descriptions based on a 5-point system. Either scale works as long as it is used consistently.
Other Factors That Affect BCS
Age is not always a direct factor in body condition, but certain stages of life and health conditions can impact it. For example:
- Spayed or neutered pets may have slower metabolisms
- Senior pets often lose muscle and become less active
- Chronic illnesses can affect appetite, fat storage, or nutrient absorption
In these cases, your veterinarian may recommend changes in diet, supplements, or activity to support your pet’s health.
Why It Matters
Maintaining an ideal body condition can reduce the risk of many health problems, including:
- Arthritis and joint pain
- Diabetes
- Heart disease
- Certain cancers
- Shortened lifespan
Helping your pet achieve a healthy weight is one of the most important things you can do for their long-term well-being.
Need Help Getting Started?
If you’re unsure where your pet falls on the scale or how to get them to a healthy range, we’re here to help. Schedule a body condition assessment with our veterinary team. We can provide guidance on nutrition, weight goals, activity plans, and senior pet care—all tailored to your pet’s individual needs.
We’re just a call or message away for advice, support, and healthy start tips this year.
Let’s make 2026 the healthiest and happiest year yet—for both you and your pets!
